‘Paradise Lost’

Paradise Lost begins and ends with Man, but this is not Man as we know him in daily life, nor indeed as he is usually depicted in literature, but a perfect, pre-lapsarian Man. The primary concern of this epic poem appears to be â€Å"man's first disobedience†2 and the results of that action. However, although Milton uses the word â€Å"man†, it is universally understood that it was not a man, but a woman who disobeyed God and brought about the downfall of the human race. This woman is Eve. Diane Kelsey McColley in her book Milton's Eve asserts that the â€Å"story of our first parents shows woman as flesh, passions, nature, and sexuality seducing man as soul, reason, spiritual virtue and contemplation from his proper relation to God†.3 The portrayal of Eve as primordial temptress is a long-standing one and can be found not only discursively in literary history but also pictorially in art history, and these traditions are perhaps accountable for the reductive opinion of Eve today. Before Paradise Lost, literary accounts of the Fall interpreted the story as male virtue undone by female concupiscence and masculine reason undermined by feminine passion. This blame for Eve as Adam's inferior perhaps originates from the source of the story, the book of Genesis. When God discovered that the apple had been eaten, He inquired of Adam whether he had eaten from the tree of knowledge. Unquestionably accepting his answer that the blame should be heaped on Eve, for it was she who had given it to him, He then proceeded to accuse her for the disobedience: â€Å"And the LORD God said unto the woman, What is this that thou hast done?† (Genesis 3:13) 4 This accusation is directed only at Eve, as God assumes Adam's view that she is the one to blame. When the Lord comes to dealing with punishment for their actions, it would appear that Adam's wrongdoing was primarily in the fact that he listened to and obeyed his wife, as this action is the one God stresses firstly and unnecessarily; with the eating of the apple – and thus the contravening of His law – coming as a secondary citation for punishment: â€Å"And unto Adam he said, Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten from the tree†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Genesis 3:17) 5 It may be surprising that even after the easing of patristic restrictions on women's liberty resulting from the Reformation, Puritan and moderate Anglican writers still continued to echo the reductive view of Eve and therefore women in general. Such a case is John Donne, who draws on the established authority of the Bible and shares such opinions as: â€Å"†¦ye wives, be in subjection to your husbands;†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (I Peter 3:1) â€Å"†¦ye husbands, dwell with them according to knowledge, giving honour unto the wife, as unto the weaker vessel†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (I Peter 3:7)6 The idea that women are â€Å"weaker†, secondary beings who lack in some way the virtues and the higher intellect of men, is reinforced as an established idea by Aristotle's statement that the female is â€Å"a deformity†¦of nature†¦perhaps rather bad than good†, and Plato's that men are reborn as women if they have been â€Å"cowards or led unrighteous lives†.7 It is perhaps a result of these ingrained ideas, that painters and poets have rarely captured what Milton dwells on in his epic, the innocent pre-lapsarian lives of Adam and Eve, and instead have focused on the temptation and downfall of the first man and woman and its symbols – Adam, Eve, the serpent and the tree. Within these portraits, there can be found many depictions of Eve. She is predominantly wanton in one, and yet frailly dignified in another; but in all can be found an emphasis on her fantastic beauty, which is presented as a glorious attribute and yet a cunning snare – ultimately the source of the loss of the paradisal garden she embodies. McColley discusses some examples of this iconographic tradition in her book, including Raphael's ceiling fresco, Stanza della Segnatura.8 The tree of knowledge stands between Adam and Eve, literally and symbolically the object that divides them. Encircling this instrument of division is the catalyst of the Fall, the serpent, half-hidden in the shade of the tree. Adam, half-sitting, gazes at the tree with his palm outstretched, mirroring Eve's gesture. However, she is standing upright in the dominant position, openly gazing at him with a knowing look full of concupiscence and temptation. It is difficult to observe from the print in the book, but McColley states that not only is the serpent â€Å"half woman; it is a shadowed Eve: the same half-turned face, straight nose, bowed mouth, and rounded breasts, the same hair†¦waved back over the left shoulder and hanging loose on the right, each grasping a limb of the tree, their heads nearly touching, and each bending on Adam the same provocative gaze.†9 This image of Eve as the beautiful and debilitating seductress, akin with the serpent, represents the dark and dangerous side of the Fall and of Eve herself. This representation suggests to the viewer, by linking beauty and sexuality with the Fall, that Eve's qualities were inherently corruptive. If this is the case – and I do not necessarily believe this to be true – then the God who created her and gave her to Adam to be â€Å"fit help†(VIII: 450),10 would be, as the fallen Adam claims, baiting a trap. To see Milton's Fall as the central action of the poem in this way, with pre-conceived ideas of sin and blame falling on Eve's head, would be to see and stress the darkest and most sinister side of each image and allusion that Milton makes. However, if we regard creation and the regeneration of life after the Fall as just, if not more, important, then we shall see patterns of positive and redeeming features in Eve's behaviour and be able to foresee possible redem ption and regeneration. The main areas of contention which surround and shape the ideas both of how Eve is perceived, and her role in the Fall, are her relationship to and separation from Adam, her behaviour during the temptation, and whether she was in a sense ‘fallen' before the event itself. Eve, made from a rib of Adam, is traditionally seen as his inferior, â€Å"not equal, as their sex not equal seemed† (IV: 296)11 and her servitude justified on the basis that Adam is â€Å"for God only, she for God in him† (IV: 299)12. However, although this is echoed in the Bible's â€Å"bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh†,13 it could be said that the direct distinction in these quotations between Adam's hierarchical position and that of Eve's is only described by the narrator's voice depicting what Satan saw. To analyse the statement in this way then, is to question the validity of Satan's observations and whether his definition of Adam and Eve is to be trusted as correct, and to question whether the narrator is in part responsible for reflecting the expectations of his audience.14 In pre-lapsarian scenes, Milton shows that Eve has a growing sense of responsibility as her understanding of the opportunities of her calling becomes greater. This is evident in her conversational language which combines questioning, reflection, wit and gaiety: â€Å"†¦we in our appointed work employed Have finished happy in our mutual help And mutual love, the crown of all our bliss †¦and this delicious place For us too large†¦ But thou hast promised from us two a race To fill the earth, who shall with us extol Thy goodness infinite†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (IV: 726-734) 15 Even her choice of love for Adam over the narcissistic self-love she revelled in when first in the Garden, and her faithful toil for the God who created her reveals her virtues as a strong, determined, generous and selfless person, so why not, therefore, worthy of being Adam's equal? Although there appears to be an insistence – despite some evidence to the contrary – on the essential masculine authority of Adam, the reader should not be blinded to the fact that Eve is as necessary to Adam's fulfilment as he is to hers. They naturally complement each other and without the other neither would be complete: â€Å"For contemplation he and valour formed, For softness she and sweet attractive grace† (IV: 297-8)16 This complementary nature could even be seen to stretch to a mutual need and dependency: â€Å"†¦I†¦. †¦enjoying thee Pre-eminent by so much odds, while thou Like consort to thyself canst nowhere find.† (IV: 445-48)17 However, this argument is perhaps most reinforced by the narrator's first description of the pair, when Eve is included in all the valued qualities usually solely attributed to Adam: â€Å"Two of far nobler shape erect and tall, Godlike erect, with native honour clad In naked majesty seemed lords of all, And worthy seemed, for in their looks divine The image of their glorious Maker shone, Truth, wisdom, sanctitude severe and pure†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (IV: 288-293)18 This sharing of attributes and the responsibilities inherent to God's first man and woman are also illustrated by the clear parallel of Adam having the power to name the animals (VIII: 350-354) and Eve possessing an equal power to name the flowers (XI: 277). The first parents, as an equal couple, â€Å"perfectly incarnate the proper relations and actions of the two sexes†19. The idea that pre-lapsarian Adam and Eve had a sexual relationship causes much debate amongst critics. Whether such intimate relations were appropriate for the innocent and perfect pair is debatable, but I believe that pure love such as theirs cannot possibly be inappropriate, and that a lack of sexual love would indicate a flaw in their relationship. God created them to be the mother and father of mankind, to ensure continued renewal of life on earth, and so it is with His ‘permission' that they make love: â€Å"Be fruitful, multiply, and fill the earth†¦Ã¢â‚¬  1 (VII: 531) 20 Fertility in Hell is a curse rather than a blessing; it produces tormenting monsters that feed on their mothers' womb, but conversely, fertility is everywhere in Heaven. The reader can â€Å"apprehend it in the light, the fountains, the rivers, the flowers, the dances, and the songs†.21 Raphael tells Adam that the angels, the intermediaries between Man and God, contain within them â€Å"every lower faculty† (V: 410)22 which enables them to enjoy sexual relations themselves: â€Å"Let it suffice thee that thou know'st Us happy, and without love no happiness. †¦we enjoy †¦and obstacle find none Of membrane, joint, or limb, exclusive bars: Easier than air with air, if Spirits embrace, Total they mix, union of pure with pure Desiring†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (VIII: 620-628) 23 This is an example of a purer and loftier union than that of Man, but represents the transcendence of human love between a man and woman, thus rendering it ‘appropriate', natural and credible. When placed in the context of Milton's beliefs and the politics of the times, his conviction that there could be no paradise for man without sexual love seems personal and original. But in doing so, he attacks not only the â€Å"conventional idea that sexual intercourse was a result, (if not a cause) of the Fall, but also prostitution, the Catholic tradition of clerical celibacy, the fashionable tradition of playing with love, and the entire literary tradition of the lyric poet as abject suitor to his disdainful mistress†24. He may be making a political point, but I believe such an idea is fitting and vitally symbolic. They enjoy fertility as ripe as that of the lush Garden which provides them with sustenance, and were created to continue the cycle of Life on Earth, as they themsel ves help to maintain the cycle of Life in Eden. God's instructions to Adam and Eve to tend the garden are used by Milton to explain Eve's temptation when they are separated. This unquestionably gives her a sense of responsibility for the events which take place, but to what extent is a vital source of debate. Adam can be seen to treat Eve as a free being, dissuading her with lucid arguments, rational warnings, and loving tenderness, but he does not constrain her against her will: â€Å"Well hast thou motioned†¦. Yet not so strictly hath our Lord imposed Labour†¦ †¦but if much converse perhaps Thee satiate, to short absence I could yield†¦. But other doubt possesses me, lest harm Befall thee severed from me;†¦ †¦leave not the faithful side That gave thee being†¦ Who guards her, or with her the worst endures.† ( IX: 229-269) 25 A skilled rhetorician, Adam tries to the best of his ability to dissuade her from her decision to divide their labours, but to no avail. Eve, with a determined, â€Å"the willinger I go†26, withdraws from him and continues alone. Perhaps Adam's failure to restrain her forcibly is the root cause of the Fall? Ultimately no one can say, but nevertheless I believe this question to be a valid one, if only owing to the last line of the above quotation. The words are filled with poignancy and foreshadowings of the tragedy to come for the knowing reader, and such a line from Milton is surely expected to reflect the ironic seriousness of Adam's unknowing promise. Therefore, this clearly should cast doubt into the reader's mind as to whether it was Adam as the too-trusting husband who is to blame for not enforcing Eve's expected subjugation to his will, and allowing the possibility of the temptation to actually occur. Eve's behaviour during the temptation and the question of whether she was already ‘fallen' before the event are often inter-linked and become symptoms of each other. The occurrence of her dream and her reaction to it is also an integral part of this issue. E.M.W. Tillyard in the essay ‘The Crisis of Paradise Lost' asserts that Eve has already ‘fallen' before the Fall, by referring to her dream, saying: â€Å"..into the mind of angel or man evil may enter, and, if it is repudiated, fail to incriminate. In the abstract the doctrine may be tenable, but it cannot work in concrete literary presentation. No human being can conceive or represent evil entering a mind quite alien to it†¦ the mere fact of entrance implies some pre-existing sympathy†¦ Eve†¦ does by her symptoms imply that it has touched her†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 27 One could argue that Tillyard's assertion of human being's behaviour is not applicable to Eve as both she and Adam are, as I have already stated, not humans as we know them – but there is also another line of argument to counter this. It could be said that Milton has built into his poem a sustained distinction between pre- and post-lapsarian nomenclature, and it is this device which aids the reader in distinguishing certain features of Adam and Eve's character to illustrate how they have changed from pre-lapsarian innocence into the post-lapsarian, fallen creatures they will become. This also creates an obvious echo between parallel yet contrasting events before and after the Fall. Adam himself describes Eve as â€Å"crooked by Nature† (X: 885) 28, implying that Eve was in fact ‘fallen' before the eating of the fruit, but this is in the post-lapsarian phase of the poem, and his language has deteriorated from the perfect, pure communication he possessed before the Fall into a dualistic, anti-feminine diatribe. This fact could be seen to reduce the credibility of his words, as he no longer holds the power that is associated with his previous ‘Adamic' language. One could agree with the fallen Adam's assessment of Eve, by citing the many comparisons Milton makes between her and infamous temptresses from classical myth. However, not only do the aforementioned goddesses have innocent aspects as patronesses of natural fertility, (just like Eve in Eden), this reductive portrayal by Milton would commit a terrible blasphemy, contradicting his faith, by blaming God for her sin because he created her innately flawed. What the reader witnesses throughout the temptation is a contest (unconscious on her part) between Eve and Satan for â€Å"the authority to interpret pre-lapsarian language†29. The serpent first stakes a claim upon Eve's language through the seeming miracle of being capable of speech: â€Å"†¦he glad Of her attention gained, with serpent tongue Organic, or impulse of vocal air, His fraudulent temptation thus began.† (IX: 528-5531) 30 The reference to his communication as organic would infer to the reader that it is natural, and the language of pre-lapsarian Eden. However, although Eve is seduced by this into believing it to be true, the reader alone – owing to the description of it as an â€Å"impulse of vocal air† – knows it to be false. The reason this is so is because Satan already has the knowledge of good and evil, and is therefore incapable of the untainted speech of Eve. In this way, therefore, I do not believe that Eve can be seen as already ‘fallen', for without a previous acquisition of ‘knowledge' Eve could not realise that the words of the serpent were that of an evilly corrupted version of her own. Eve's wonder at this apparent ‘miracle' creates a dangerous moment for Satan, one in which he must exercise special vigilance. However, it is an opportunity she misses, and he turns it into his advantage by attributing his power to the forbidden fruit. In the world of Eden, where Adam's birthright of the power to name the animals with a pure and natural speech conveys enormous power, language is knowledge and this is how Satan gains his power. Temptation was not a new idea for Milton. He wrote a Puritan masque, originally entitled A Masque Presented at Ludlow Castle, 1634, but popularly known as Comus. The theme of the masque is â€Å"the death of false pagan values when they are opposed by Christian virtues†31, and, like Paradise Lost, is concerned with the process of temptation and the power of evil to corrupt innocence. The vital difference between the two, however, is that the central female character, The Lady, does not succumb to the machinations of her would-be tempter: â€Å"COMUS: This will restore all soon†¦ LADY: †¦'Twill not restore the truth and honesty That thou hast banished from thy tongue with lies.† (lns 689-692) 32 It could be said that the reason for Eve to Fall when The Lady does not is that she was innately flawed, a bait for Adam designed by God, or merely an inferior and weak female. I believe however, that the reason for Eve's Fall is to signify redemption and regeneration. Paradise Lost was published in 1667, having been written in a period of great social unrest. The government believed to be God's government by Milton and his fellow Puritans had collapsed in 1660 with the Restoration of Charles II. This raised moral questions which I believe in part to be responsible for Milton's questioning about the â€Å"ways of God† (I: 26)33, and which resulted in the exploration in this poem of a God who does not intervene to stifle evil. The brief image of the labourer returning home after a day's work in the fields at the end of Book XII of Paradise Lost is â€Å"especially effective, a moving evocation of the life and toil and poverty and weariness and also of homely satisfactions – all the common experience of humanity which Adam and Eve must now face†.34 Eve, though fallen, is in the process of regeneration, and, just like the political climate of Milton's era, can resume development of her pre-lapsarian virtues, though now through pain and â€Å"woe† (I: 3).35

Evolution of Nursing Curriculum Essay

Institute of Protestant Deaconesses – Florence Nightingale trained to be a nurse. Two years later she was appointed resident lady superintendent of a hospital for invalid women in Harley Street, London. * 1860 – By the help of wealthy friends, Nightingale used the money to fund the Nightingale School and Home for Nurses at St. Thomas Hospital. * Ursuline Sisters of Quebec first attempt to train nurses in America who taught the Indian women to care for their sick. * Dr. Valentine Seaman introduced the first regular school for nurses. * The educational endeavour of Florence Nightingale and the Civil War had focused attention in the necessity for the nurses and importance of an educational system. * 1869 – Nursing education was placed under the control of medical profession. They proposed a school for training nurses in every large hospital. * In both England and America, the need for trained nurses was so great that schools of nursing relatively grew. * Adelaide Nutting – had been a catalytic agent in the separation of schools of nursing from hospital control. * Dr. Washburn and Burlingham – advocated raising the whole standard of nursing profession in the requirements of admission and stressed the cultural values. * 1894 – Nursing leaders stressed the importance of planning the entire educational program for the student rather than for the convenience of hospital services. * 1895 – Miss Mary Agnes Snively of Toronto presented a paper that emphasized the need for uniformity of education for nursing through a uniform matriculation examination for admission, a uniform length of program nursing through a uniform length of program of nursing education. * Miss Nutting presented an electrifying report at the 1896 convention which revealed that work hours per day could total 15hrs with 105hrs weekly; one lecture per week is given. * Miss Lucy Walker, who was a Superintendent of Nurses, gave a progress report on the acceptance of lengthening the program with shortening of the workday. * The first preliminary courses varied from a few classes to a planned program of six months. It included biological and social sciences and practical work in a mannequin called Mrs. Chase. * 1908 – The board had outlined specific requirements for schools of nursing. They were required to prove two years of study in medical nursing, surgical nursing (including gynecology), obstetrical nursing, pediatrics, nutrition and cookery, drugs and solution, dietetics, instruction in contagious nursing, ethics, emergencies, mental nursing, personal hygiene, and provide clinical experience in a hospital setting. * Schools that wished to continue this practice were required to extend their course of training to three years. Training schools had to be connected to a hospital or Sanitarium having no fewer than 25 beds, with the number of beds two to four times greater than the number of students. * 1909 – Plan for a university school of nursing was presented. * A change in title from pupil nurse to student of nursing. * Central Schools – had been successful in Europe; students received class instruction at one place at a university * 1915 – Only 10 schools had fulltime instructors. Superintendent of nurses did the most teaching and doctors taught anatomy. * 1923 – Yale University of Nursing and Western Reserve University of Nursing were established. * Public health was incorporated into the curriculum. * The degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing was given to graduates from 1926 – 1936, the degree of Masters in Nursing was awarded until it closed in 1958. * 1925 – A committee sponsored by American Nurses’ Association undertook a five-year study of nursing and nurse training. * 1949 – The state board pool for nurses provided examination for practical nurses. * The first examination for Registered Nurses was given in 1904, with a battery of test questions designed to be a ‘severe’ test of practical and theoretical knowledge. * The Board minutes that the test involved the ‘care of febrile cases, of patients before and after operation, of the mother and new-born baby in normal and abnormal obstetrical cases, of treatment of emergencies, and knowledge of drugs with regard to toxicological symptoms, and treatment after poisonous doses. Male nurses will be examined on genitor-urinary work as a substitute for obstetrical cases’. * Today, the State Board for Nursing has 23 members, consisting of 17 RNs, two LPNs, and four public members. The Board functions as an advisory group to the Board of Regents. Its stated mission is ‘to protect the public by fostering high standards of professional licensure, practice and discipline.

Academic, Personal Management, and Teamwork Skills

These are probably the most important skills you have to get, because nowadays employers are looking for people with best academically background, because they know that a better prepared employee can give better answers at the time of working, but of course, as a worker you must be prepared for every kind of situation, because you never know what can happen, and I say this on the Academic Skills because one of these skills is the capacity to learn and adapt yourself to the situation you have to solve.On the other hand, personal management I?s an important skill and here is the reason. Nowadays employers are not just looking for smart people, they are not just looking for barbarians that can be very good at what they do but they cant control their emotions, theyre now looking for people with a level of Emotional Intelligence, because they think Theres nothing to do with a guy that knows the whole process, but cannot accept a constructive critic so hats the reason the Personal Managem ent is one of the most important skills In a job. And finally we have teamwork skills. Its obvious you will not be away from civilization when you work. Its well known that you must interact with several people during your work hours, and you must know that getting along well with them its an important step for this skill. You must be patient, tolerant and last but not least, participative, because as a team you must take decisions together and respect others opinion.So, we can conclude that: Workers must be integral persons, with academically, personal, and teamwork skills, so they can get along well with their work partners and environment. We must not focus on having or enhancing just one of these skills, on the contrary we must work out the three of them, because the three of them are important. It doesnt matter we dont have the three of these skills, no one is born knowing everything, we can enhance a develop this, and many more skills.

What are the Key Reasons Why Traditional Expatriation Appointments and Essay

What are the Key Reasons Why Traditional Expatriation Appointments and Repatriation Often Fail What can MNCs Do about this - Essay Example In this regard, it is observed that most of the MNCs in the current globalized world is encountered with the high rate of the expatriates and repatriates failure. Such failure witnessed by the MNCs has reduced their capacity to sustain their business smoothly and profitably in the overseas market. At the same time, the increasing failure rate related to traditional expatriation appointments and repatriation has drawn urgent demand for resolving these challenges faced by the MNCs (Harzing, 1995).   Collings & et. al. (2007) asserted that staffing issues in the international context are complex and challenging. Despite the challenges associated with the staffing issues, it has been argued that MNCs are using traditional expatriation appointments on a frequent basis. Accordingly, myriad reasons have been propagated behind the use of traditional expatriation appointments. In this regard, one of the potential reasons has been associated with the rapidly growing demand for competent and experienced global managers which is accompanied by the reduced supply of the same. The other reasons include the desire of the parent company to acquire centralized decision making and control over the operations of the subsidiary located in the overseas market. Thoo (2013) has defined expatriate failure as â€Å"as the expatriate’s premature return to his or her home country prior to the completion of his or her actual assignment duration†. Accordingly, Thoo (2013) has identified multiple reasons that contribute towards expatriate failure.

An Effective Speaker Paper Comparison Critique of 2 Famous Speeches Essay

An Effective Speaker Paper Comparison Critique of 2 Famous Speeches - Essay Example Steve is the most appropriate speaker for the Stanford audience, because of his experience in the technology field, for which the university is renowned. In the course of delivering his speech, Steve Jobs adopts a conversational approach. This is particularly evident when he reminisces about how he founded Apple, Inc with his co-founder, Steve Wozniak. Instead of referring to his partner with his full name he states â€Å"Woz and I started Apple.† This statement evokes a mental picture of two close allies and it is a good choice of words. This is especially because the audience comprises of graduates, who often perceive the ceremony to be a point in time when close friends diverge perhaps never to meet again. Steve also utilizes a simple and customary delivery approach. This is evident throughout the fourteen and a half minutes long speech. For instance, he summarizes his entire speech using four simple phrases; first he states that he will narrate three stories to the audienc e. He then outlines the three narrative topics as â€Å"a story about connecting dots† (0.23), â€Å"a story about love and loss† (5.32) and finally â€Å"a story about death† (14.33). ... This serves to ensure that the audience gets sufficient time to assimilate the information. For instance, at the end of his first story about backward connection of dots, Steve poses for about six seconds when he says â€Å"even when it leads you off the well-worn path†¦ and that will make all the difference† (5.18). The pause is intended to ensure that the audience acknowledges the importance of exploration and persistence. Steve’s relatively casual opening, his conversational delivery approach, simplicity and use of pauses in the course of the address, are all attributes that make his speech effective. These are all features that resonate with the principally young audience. They are also attributes that enable him to effectively convey his primary lessons on mortality, the importance of individuals loving their work and the essence of courage in following one’s intuition. However, the speech is not without few flaws. The first and most notable flaw is tha t, Steve constantly reads from his transcript and hardly maintains eye contact with his audience. This denies him the chance to fully connect with the listeners as shown by their occasional disinterest. The other outstanding fault is the speaker’s partial fail at comedic delivery. For instance, when Steve states that â€Å"I didn’t even know what a pancreas was† (10:07), he delivers the line in passing and does not even pause to relieve the audience’s tension. Another example is when he says â€Å"No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don’t want to die to get there† (11:40). However, the partially failed attempt at humor could be attributable to the speaker’s effort to imitate academic oration; to evoke empathy from listeners, or to emphasize the magnitude of

Current event paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Current event paper - Assignment Example y people often don’t want to notice the fact that their relationships are based on wrong values, so they decline noticing aggressive, controlling, and partly paranoid behavior of their intimate partners. The second reason is human fear about two things. One is to lose their partner and stay alone, which for most people is more frightening than being abused, another is fear to seek for help because of possibility to make the situation public, or because of threat of being abused harder by a mad partner. Though, the most crucial reason for the violent consequences of wrong relationships is people’s unwillingness to do something when they feel that their relationships are wrong, so they make up their minds to the situation until it turns into domestic violence. The article â€Å"14 Red Flags of Domestic Violence† by GinaL. Cafasso describes the most common first signals of the behavior which more likely will later lead to serious domestic violence. Statistics on dom estic violence shows terrible results; â€Å"according to National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, on average 20 people, in the U.S., per minute are physically abused by an intimate partner† (Cafasso n.pag). The statistics is terrifying. The author claims that the most common problem of the victims of domestic abuse is that often abusers make them feel so insignificant that after each act of abuse the victims just have feeling like they have nowhere to go and don’t believe that there is a way out of the situation. The story of Linda Rees who has been abused by her husband for 20 years teaches that if there are signs of incoming domestic violence, it is never too late to abandon the relationships (â€Å"His Name Calling and Jealousy was All I Knew but then He Threatened to Kill Me†). Linda claims that as far as her husband was her first boyfriend she didn’t realize that there was something wrong with their relationships, so she confused his over controlling behavior with love and thought that it

HEALTH CARE POLICY Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

HEALTH CARE POLICY - Research Paper Example The biggest blow on cost due to this legislative bill may be on small businesses such as restaurants and bars, in which the profits may reduce. In addition, smoking bill lowers the market value of the hospitality industry whereby owners would opt to transfer their businesses to other parts of the country without the ban. When it comes to benefits of this bill, empirical studies reveal a 17% fall on acute coronary problems and heart attacks, exemplified by Scotland after smoking was banned in public spaces (Pakko, 2006). Moreover, the studies suggest that smoking bans do not cause adverse economic effects on restaurants and bans, but rather studies suggest that they improve profitability of the hospitality industry (Pakko, 2006). Finally, ban on smoking would help the healthcare budget, as well as lessen risks of chronic diseases including COPD and heart disease, and obstructive lung diseases. Analyzing cost containment with regard to this bill, it is evident that costs related to chr onic diseases would go down. As such $90 million of healthcare costs could be saved from a smoking ban on public paces nationwide. In addition, there will be a reduction in hospitalization at an estimated number of 18,600 hear patients. Consequently, health costs will also likely reduce by $16 million as reported by a study, within the first one year of a smoking ban implementation (Pakko, 2006). Thus, the smoking ban is meant to reduce the state healthcare costs such as Medicaid. Chronic diseases such as cancers, heart disease and lung related diseases among others put great demand on health resources. Furthermore, chronic diseases and fatal illness requires maximum and high intensity medical care, and all these have cost implications on healthcare budget (McConnachie & Sutton, 2004). As a result, much of the healthcare budget is allocated to care and management of these diseases. Healthcare equity requires that the distribution of health care based funds reflects the existing burd en of a particular disease(s). A ban on smoking bill if enacted would lead to decline in chronic diseases associated with smoking such as lung related diseases; as a result, it would ease on the healthcare budget. The money that would otherwise be used for management of such diseases will be allocated to other critical areas of healthcare. A smoking ban would impact positively on the administrative resources because much of the funds allocated to diseases associated with smoking are likely to be directed somewhere else. Enacting the legislative bill would also influence healthcare delivery by releasing a burden on the healthcare providers who have to manage cancer patients and other suffering from smoke related illnesses (Daniels, 1995). Similarly, legal cases related to smoking will drastically reduce. In the past, tobacco producing companies have had to compensate people billions of dollars to settle cases related to health effects of smoking. However, a ban on smoking would also impact the economy negatively because it is one of the major sources of tax for the government. The move to enact a smoking ban bill would see many individuals discontinue their smoking habits, and eventually overcome tobacco addiction. As such, nurses will assume the role of assisting such

Starwood Hotels and Resorts Worldwide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Starwood Hotels and Resorts Worldwide - Essay Example As of 31st December 2007, Starwood group’s portfolio included a total of 897 Hotels with 275,000 rooms across 100 countries that primarily cater to the upscale markets of the lodging industry. The company employs about 145,000 people and has its headquarters in White Plains, New York (Starwood, 2008). It is clear that the level of competition in the hotel and lodging sector is very high. Hence it is essential that Starwood has to undertake immediate efforts to improve its services and market share in order to survive in this competitive environment. This consultancy report will analyze the company’s current situation and aim at improving the organization on the whole. This method is based on the product life cycle theory. This provides a means to correctly give importance to the product portfolio of a business unit. It is essential that companies have a combination of both high growth products as well as low growth products. The diagram below explains the BCG Matrix. Stars refer to businesses use huge amounts of cash and also generate large amounts of monies as well. Here the company has a high growth as well as high market share. These generally include businesses that have a large market share in a fast-growing industry. These businesses do generate cash, however, this is very limited as all of it is required to be used to keep in sync with the rapid growth. Businesses that are successful in this area mature to become ‘cash cows’, as the industry matures. Cash Cows, this is where the investments are low and the growth is also low, however, the profits and cash generation should be high. Businesses with a large market in a slow-growing industry fall into this category. The investments are low for these kinds of business units however these generate cash that can be used as investments in other business units.

Small Group and Team Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Small Group and Team Communication - Essay Example Effective group decision making is based on cooperation and mutual agreements, trust and effective communication between team members. Salaman (2001) underlines that the ideal decision-making (group or individual) is unrealistic because change leads to uncertainty, and there is less uncertainty in the short run than in the long run. He uses examples of business failures to portray ineffective decision-making processes based on decision-making norms rather than careful analysis of the situation. Salaman (2001) states that: "central to decision-making is the notion of rationality. Rationality refers to the quality of thinking and decision-making" (p. 2). Organizations can be pretty sure that whatever long-term guesses they make will be wrong. Unfortunately, most worthwhile achievements are carried out in the long run and consequently require a long-term outlook (Fitzsimmons & Fitzsimmons 2004). Also, the ideal decision-making is impossible because of substantive rationality. Following Weber: "[decision-making] conveys only one element common to all the possible empirical situations" (Salaman 2001, p. 3). The departure often leads to painful changes in the project requirements, which are in turn important contributors to time and cost overruns. In this situation, long-term considerations are sacrificed to short-term exigencies. The corporate culture must extol the virtues of a long-term outlook. ... The best way to let people know the importance of this outlook to the organization is to create incentive systems that reward long-term behavior and to develop organizational structures that make it difficult to be a short-termer. A customer-focused culture requires a new attitude toward customers. Team and group decision making involves co-acting members with specialized knowledge, interacting to arrive at some valued decisions or outcomes. Teams have accountable membership, often work in unpredictable ambiguous environments, and process information (or enact various functions) for variable lengths of time. Team decision making is further complicated when it is supported by technology, such as decision support systems that are comprised of decision aids, informational data bases, computers, intercoms, telephones, video, and so forth. Decision making, as a term, no longer adequately fits the expanded activities that the team undertakes to solve a problem or reach an intended goal. In tellectual teamwork is possibly a better term to describe team decision making in technologically supported environments (Jeynes, 2002). Within this process, ethics becomes a crucial part guarding and controlling decision-making process. Ethics is as a set of moral principles that govern the action of an individual or group. Business ethics are concerned with truth and justice and include aspects which society expects. Two themes which emerged in literature are the role of the victim in the criminal justice system and the use of the criminal law as a resource. Decision analysis is a set of models and methods for helping people deal with difficult and stressful decisions (Hicks, 2004). The operating assumption of decision analysts is that a decision maker wishes to select the

Ford Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ford - Research Paper Example The company is deeply concerned about the community within its business operation. Ford motor company operates in many parts of the world. For example, in Australia the company developed a program that provides support to the community within their plants. Community support and corporate initiatives have been Ford Motor Company responsibility since its inception after 1903. The founder of the company, Hendry Ford supported employees working for his company by providing educational support; he did this by building schools. Additionally, the founder believed and supported environmental sustainability. The founder’s legacy has been taken over by the company (Corporate Social Responsibility, n.d.). General Motors is the main competitor of Ford Motor Company in the U.S. General Motors is the biggest manufacturer of trucks and cars. Well known brands for General Motors are Chevrolet, Cadillac, Buick, Opel, Daewoo and Holden. The company has both local and international operations. However, Ford Motor Company has recently gained more market shares in the U.S. The increase in market share was attributed to consumer preference of their fuel efficient engines. Some of the vehicles of Ford Motor Company in the U.S. that boosted its market share are Fusion, Escape and F-series. Additionally, Ford Motor Company performance currently is well, this evidenced from its rise in New York Stock Exchange by 3%. However, its major rival is down by 16%. The main problem of GM currently is the recalls the company made because of defective ignition switches (Blanc, 2014). Ford is faced with serious competition internationally from Toyota, Nissan, General Motors, Honda and Chrysler. The fact is that, most of the competitors’ brands are cheaper and fuel efficient than Ford Motor Company brands. However, recently, the company showed improvement internationally with an international operation contributing to 35% to stock prices (Trefis Team 2010). Ford Motor Company depends on

Importance of Measuring and Managing Performance Essay Example for Free

Importance of Measuring and Managing Performance Essay It is very important to measure and manage employee performance at Leyton Sixth Form College. The consequences if they don’t manage performance is that teachers won’t know whether they are progressing or not. Whether they’re way of teaching is effective or not. It is important for new employees to assess their performance so that management can make judgements on measuring performance will enable teachers to know where they stand and have a clear view on what skills they need to improve on. Motivation is important in LSC because it gets the employee to work as hard as possible. t helps push employees to achieve targets set. By identifying areas where an employee may be losing his colleagues, a personal development plan can be put in place. Similarly, if a negative trend is seen among a number of employees, company controls and procedures can be evaluated to address these problems at a general level. Measuring and managing performance helps LSC look at employee progress to see whether they are achieving all their targets. Also the importance of managing performance is to give good motivation for employees to work hard since they are being evaluated. LSC do an employee evaluation that gives teachers constructive criticism and an idea on what they need to work on and what they doing a good job on. Measuring performance benefit LSC as they reveal the good and bad aspects of a given job. They improve the relationships and moral within the organisation. Another important matter is that measuring and managing performance helps improve the performance of individuals to ultimately improve the efficiency and productivity of the company. Which in LSC case is the staff by doing performance developments and appraisals can help employees reach their full potentials.

Access control Essay Example for Free

Access control Essay The purpose of this policy is to define standards for connecting to Richman Investments network from any host. These standards are designed to minimize the potential exposure to Richman Investments from damages which may result from unauthorized use of Richman Investments resources. Damages include the loss of sensitive or company confidential data, intellectual property, damage to public image, damage to critical Richman Investments internal systems, etc. Scope This policy applies to all Richman Investments employees, contractors, vendors and agents with a Richman Investments owned or personally-owned computer or workstation used to connect to the Richman Investments network. This policy applies to remote access connections used to do work on behalf of Richman Investments including reading or sending email and viewing intranet web resources and wireless devices. Remote access implementations that are covered by this policy include, but are not limited to, dial-in Modems, frame relay, ISDN, DSL, VPN, SSH, and cable modems, etc. VPN access control model for a large scale company. This policy will support remote access control for systems, applications, and data access. Remote access Defined Remote access for employees is deployed by using remote access VPN connections across the Internet based on the settings configured for the VPN Server, and the following additional settings. The following diagram shows the VPN server that provides remote access VPN connections. Domain/Network Config: For each employee that is allowed VPN access: * The network access permission on the dial-in properties of the user account is set to Control access through NPS Network Policy. The user account is added to the VPN_Users group in Active Directory. To define the authentication and encryption settings for remote access VPN clients, the following remote access network policy is created in Network Policy Server (NPS): * Policy name: Remote Access VPN Clients * Conditions: * NAS Port Type is set to Virtual (VPN) * Windows Groups is set to VPN_Users * Calling Station ID is set to 207. 209. 68. 1 * Permission is set to Grant access. NPS policy settings: * On the Constraints tab, under Authentication Methods, for EAP Types select Microsoft: Smart Card or other certificate. Also enable Microsoft Encrypted Authentication version 2 (MS-CHAP v2). * Or SSTP, L2tp/IPsec, PPTP, IKEv2 Access control model/ policy: This model would support Role based access controls and allow mandatory access control to be governed by remote access. The IS Dept. is responsible for maintaining the access and access rights and provides and restricted as needed by user roles in the organization. All data is encrypted and transmitted via remote and encrypted and used by the VPN tunnel. VPN access will be terminated on a 3 month basis and must be renewed by revisiting based on your access role and permissions

Students Academic Performance in High School

Students Academic Performance in High School Even though a different set of constraints and challenges in education has been faced worldwide, educational development has been actively promoted by means of adapting to rapid global changes (Peretz, 2009). Ensuring quality of education is one of the six Education For All goals agreed by over 160 governments during the World Education Forum in Dakar in 2000; almost every country around the world has committed to enhancing education quality in an effort to achieve the goals of EFA by 2015. Governments seek to offer students an education that equips them with skills, knowledge, and wider perspectives so that students can participate in the social, economic and political lives of their nations (UNESCO, 2009). The Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC) has prioritized educational sector as a key area for national development: capacity building and human resources development is one of the key strategies of the Rectangular Strategy in the third term of the national assembly (RGC, 2004). Cambodian education system is divided into four levels: pre-school education, primary education, secondary education (lower and upper) and higher education. Students from the age of three to five years old are allowed to enroll in pre-school education. To get basic education, students have to at least spend six years of primary education and three years of lower secondary education. After graduating from lower secondary education, students are provided options to continue to upper secondary education or enter secondary -level vocational training programs provided by the Ministry of Labor and Vocational Training (MOLVT). Students can also have chances to pursue their studies in university or vocational training a fter completing upper secondary education (UNESCO, 2008). The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport (MoEYS) has emphasized education quality at all levels basic, secondary and higher education because it can produce the well-educated and skilled students in order to meet the needs and requirement of the growing labor market. Education at upper secondary level is the foundation for higher education. After upper secondary school, students should have capacity to continue their studies at higher education or to specialize their studies (MoEYS, 2004). To achieve this goal, students are provided options to select the program of study: sciences and social studies. Additionally, students are required to study at least ten subjects which are compulsory to complete upper secondary education. To completely graduate from upper secondary school, students are assessed based on the scores earned at Grade 12, the final grade of upper secondary education, and the score of the national examination (UNESCO, 2008). 1.2 Problem Statement The achievement of high school students has been a great concern to educators, parents, and government. Even though measures have been taken to improve the quality of education, a large proportion of high school students perform poorly in the classroom (P. Pal, personal communication, October 10, 2010). Furthermore, some students are likely to play truant or miss their class very often. As identified in UNESCO National Education Support Strategy, the cost burden, the need for the students to work and a lack of understanding the importance of formal schooling are some of the reasons behind the low grade 12 completion rate (UNESCO, 2010). 1.3 Research Objectives There has been little qualitative research conducted on perceptions of students and teachers towards the factors influencing the students academic performance in high school in Cambodia. Therefore, the intent of this study is to identify those factors influencing students academic performance in high school. Investigation into the factors that might influence students academic performance in high schools may contribute to enhancing students learning abilities in upper secondary education as well as helping them to pursue their higher education easily. 1.4 Research Questions This study aims to answer the following research questions: How do teachers and students perceive factors influencing students academic performance? What are the differences in perceptions between teachers and students toward factors contributing to students academic performance? 1.5 Significance of Study This study is particularly significant for two main reasons. First, it will increase understanding of and contribute to the literature on students academic performance in high school in Cambodia. Second, it is hoped that the findings of this study will contribute to helping all stakeholders, namely, parents, teachers, school communities, and central agents to strengthen efficiency and quality of education in upper secondary education. 1.6 Definition of Concept Page, Thomas, and Marshall (as cited in Ogunbanjo, 2001) defined school performance as an action of a person or group when given a learning task. In education, performance refers to achievement in carrying out of a task, assignment or course. Academic performance is the level of success determined by grade point average at the end of the semester (Lamsis, 2010). Thus, in this study, academic performance is generally taken to mean students ability and achievement in the school work as measured by tests results, performance or behaviour during lessons, grades and reports. 1.7 Proposed Chapter This research study is organized in five chapters. Chapter one will consist of introduction dealing with background information of the study, problem statement, research objectives, research questions, significance of the study. The past literature, which was conducted in different settings around the world, will be examined in chapter two. Next, the research methodology will discuss in detail the participants, method, instruments, tools, data collection, data analysis, ethical consideration and limitation of the study in Chapter three. In Chapter four, finding and discussion will be identified. Finally, conclusion and recommendation will also be discussed in chapter five. CHAPTER 2 Literature Review Factors which influence students performance have been identified as including classroom management, quality of teaching staff, family social-economic status, lack of teaching facilities, inadequate student discipline, lack of student commitment, emotional problems, curriculum contents, learning situation, inadequate teacher instruction, and not enough parental involvement (Asikhia, 2010; Legotlo et al., 2002 ; Nguyen Griffin, 2010). In the study by Asikhia (2010), the focus of the investigation was on the perception of students and teachers on the causes of poor academic performance among secondary school students in Ogun State, Nigeria. The results of teachers perception indicated that teachers teaching qualifications and students background had a smaller effect on the students poor performance but teachers methods of teaching influence poor academic achievement. Students, on the other hand, thought that teachers qualifications and students home environment influenced their poor performance in school while teachers method of teaching and learning materials did not. In the study of factors influencing poor performance of grade 12 learners in two high schools in Limpo province in South Africa, Rammalas study (2009) discovered that parents low-level of education, high unemployment rate, child-headed family, unpredictable home environment, emotional problems, lack of facilities, unavailable learner support materials, lack of discipline, redeployment of education, unfamiliarity of new curriculum influenced students performance in the classroom. In a similar research study conducted in Nepal, Subedi (2003) demonstrated the factors influencing high school student achievement. This study simply aimed to investigate the effect of resources and class size on student performance. The research revealed that the availability and use of resources had a significant effect on student performance. Class size also caused negative effect to student achievement. In a research article by Legotlo et al. (2002), the focus of investigation was on perceptions of stakeholders towards causes of poor performance in grade 12 National Examinations in a province in South Africa. The results in this study revealed that inadequate resources, lack of discipline and poor morale, problems concerning the implementation of government policy, and lack of parental involvement were major causes of poor student performance. In a research study by Ogunbanjo (2001), the focus of the investigation was on the factors influencing the academic performance of underachieving learners in a South African secondary school with an inhibitive learning climate. In order to get in-dept understanding of underachieving students learning performance, a qualitative method was applied. The findings of this study identified the factors as influencing the academic performance of underachieving learners: negative attitude of learners towards their school work, negative attitudes of teachers towards learners and inflexible teaching methods by teachers, lack of parental supervision, undisciplined behavior in class, learner absenteeism, insufficient learner support material, non-encouragement from parents for learners to study, excessive home chore, demotivation and low moral towards teaching as a career, overcrowding classrooms, lack of support from the department and school administration, lack of facilities and resources, lac k of parental involvement, inadequate funding of schools, lack of parental supervision, peer pressure, lack of parental guidance and supervision, learners lack of discipline, indiscipline by learners, illiteracy among parents, and poor insight of learners about the value of education. Taken together, the results, of course, indicate that overcrowded classes, lack of facilities and resources, inflexible teaching method, and lack of parental involvement are supposed to be the fundamental factors which negatively influence the students academic performance in high schools. CHAPTER 3 Research Methodology 3.1 Research Design Qualitative researchers share in the understandings and perceptions of others and explore how people structure and give meaning to their daily lives (Berg, 2009). In a qualitative research, a case study design is used to significantly focus on one phenomenon, which the researcher selects to understand deeply regardless of the number of sites or participants for the study (Mcmillain Schumacher, 2001). Since this study mainly aims to identify key factors that students and teachers perceive as influencing academic performance in a high school, the case study approach will be employed in this study. 3.2 Participant and Sample The target participants in this study will be teachers and students in a high school in Kandal province. I will contact the school principal initially to propose my study and receive the approval before proceeding and contacting potential participants. A purposive sampling method will be employed in this study because I aim to explore in detail participants reasons for performing poorly in their studies. The sample of this study will consist of 4 students and 2 teachers from high school in question. Both male and female participants will be selected. The teachers sample will be the class teachers who regularly facilitate any activities in classroom while 11th-grade students will be chosen in this study. The students sample will include students who learn with the selected teachers. 3.3 Data Collection Unlike a quantitative method, a qualitative data gathering procedures often involve spending a lot of time in the natural setting under study or with the research participants collecting relevant information unobtrusively (Gay, Mills Airasian, 2009). Choosing data collection strategies is a process of deciding among available alternatives for collection and corroboration of data and of modifying ones decisions to capture the reality of the phenomena (McMillan Schumacher, 2001). As the purpose of this study is to gain in-depth understanding of the factors contributing to students academic performance, participant observation, semi-structured interviews and informal conversation will be carried out to collect the data. The interviews will consist of open-ended questions and will be tape-recorded (see Appendix below for the details). Individual face to face interview and informal conversation will be used for teachers and students. I will make an appointment with the participants and inform them about the reasons of conducting this study, and request for their consent to participate in my study, before carrying out interviews. The participants will be provided options to select convenient time and comfortable place for the interviews in order to ensure full cooperation and trust. I will bring a tape recorder on scheduled interviews, and with the participants permission, record the interviews which will be expected to take around 1 to 2 hours and occur in the school campus or outside the school. Interview questions will follow a general list of topics. The purpose of these interviews is to allow those involved in a school to describe in detail their perceptions and experiences. In addition to these i nterviews, I will carry on informal conversations with participants at the beginning or end of the meeting to gain more specific concepts and experiences about the influencing factors on students academic performance. Participant observation will be also employed to collect data. The emphasis during observation is on understanding the natural environment as lived by participants without manipulating (Gay, Mills Airasian, 2009). After getting permission from school principal, I will visit the school for two weeks and significantly observe what goes on in classroom and during recess periods. The observation checklist will mainly focus on time management, environment in the classroom, teaching method, and behavioral patterns of students. Each observation will take around 45 minutes. Additionally, field notes will be written at the end of each observation describing in detail the setting and activities during the lessons. To assure the accuracy and details of these notes, I will spend several hours for recording notes after leaving the field. Official documents of the school such as students attendance record, and yearly academic report will be taken with permission of the school principal, teachers and students. 3.4 Data Analysis Data analysis is begun from the initial interaction with participants and continued that interaction and analysis throughout the whole study (Gay, Mills Airasian, 2009). As data are collected from the participants, I will examine and reexamine the data in search of themes and patterns in the data. Also, prior data and newer data will be continually compared to reduce less useful data. After gathering the data from the field setting, I will listen to the tape recordings, transcribe the interview tapes and analyze the participants responses. I will organize and prepare all data into different types of information depending on the sources of information. In addition, I will read through all data collected carefully to obtain general idea of information. Coding process will be used to organize information into categories or themes. Then these themes will be chronologically sorted into table display in order to discuss interconnected themes. Finally, I will make interpretation of themes. 3.5 Ethical Consideration Before starting the data collection, I will ask the permission and approval from school principal, teachers and students for observation or tape-recorded interviews. I will explain the study objective verbally and in writing to participants and tell them truthfully that their involvement is voluntary. I will fully explain any potential benefits to school principal, teachers, and students as a result of my study. Additionally, the participants will be informed of all data collection devices and activities. If at any point during the course of the interview the participants decide they no longer desire to continue, they will feel free to simply stop the interview. To avoid any harm to the participants, their names and school will be held in strictest confidence and will never be attached to any data or report that may result from this research. I will treat the participants with respect and give the participants pseudonyms. Personal identifiers will not be included in the research repo rt released to the public in order to avoid the identification of participants. The participants will be told that their responses will be kept confidential and that no one known to them will have access to the information provided and no one can link the analyze to their names. Also, verbatim transcriptions and written interpretations and reports will be made available to the participants. 3.6 Limitation of the Study This proposal has some specific limitations. First, the researcher will only conduct this study in a high school in a province in order to identify influencing factors on students academic performance. Second, since the study will be conducted in a small number of students and teachers in a high school in Cambodia, so the results will not generalize the factors influencing students academic achievement in all high schools nationwide. Third, the purpose of this research is not to provide broad generalizations, but to provide an in-depth analysis of factors influencing students academic performance in high schools. Finally, some activities, events and information which occur at specific period of the school calendar will not be captured during a short period of visit by the researcher.

Genetic Engineering :: Genetic Engineering Essays

At the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh, Scotland, Dr. Keith Campbell, director of embryology at PPL therapeutics in Roslin, and his colleague Dr. Ian Wilmut worked together on a project to clone a sheep, Dolly, from adult cells. On February 22, 1997, they finally succeeded. Dolly was the only lamb born from 277 fusions of oocytes with udder cells. Wilmut says there were so many failures because it is difficult to ensure that the empty oocytes and the donor cell are at the same stage of the cell division cycle.To clone Dolly, basically scientists took an unfertilized egg cell, removed the nucleus, replaced it with cells taken from the organism to be cloned, put it into an empty egg cell which begins to develop as an embryo, and implanted this embryo into a mother, from which the clone was born.The fact that only 1 out of 277 attempts succeeded is a little scary when applied to human beings. If an attempt to clone a human led to that high of a death toll, then there would not be many supporters. According to Rifkin, in an extensive survey of all 106 clinical trials of experimental gene therapies conducted over the past five years involving more than 597 patients, a panel of experts convened by the NIG reported that "Clinical efficacy has not been definitively demonstrated at this time in any gene therapy protocol, despite anecdotal claims of successful therapy." (545). These results are also happening with people who are trying to get gene therapy. With these facts on the table, it would not be ideal to try to clone humans if cloning an animal took several hundred attempts and human gene therapy has had hundreds of failures as well.Humans are going way beyond their limits in the field of biotechnology in the world today. Until recently, these ideas were unheard of. Now with new technology, scientists are capable of changing an organism's genetic make-up. We are very eager to learn new things, however, this eagerness gets in the way of common sense all too often. As stated in Starr and Taggart's article, "we do not have the wisdom to bring about beneficial changes without causing great harm to ourselves or to the environment." (514). However, the naà ¯ve public may want to jump right into things, and scientists will not disagree.Scientists are messing with things that they should not be messing with.

Animal Farm Relating To Russia :: Animal Farm Essays

Greed for Power, and Cruelty: Making Followers In Animal Farm, George Orwell demonstrates the danger of unquestioning acceptance of ideas and actions that are “supposed to represent'; a better way of life. Throughout the book there are many examples of hatred and evil undermining what sounds like a great utopia when introduced, but not when they are lived. The ideas are very familiar because they are based on those that drove the Russian Revolution, and what went wrong with it. The difference between a nice Utopian idea and what goes wrong in real life has to do with human nature. Greed is real, in that it drives people to do things. There is greed for power, greed for food, and greed for whatever a greedy person might want. While not everyone is greedy, some people are very much so. The very greedy people make life difficult for the rest of us. This is not such a big problem in democracies, which are constructed to balance any action with the ideas of many groups and rights. In a dictatorship, like the Soviet Union, a person like Stalin can determine every key aspect of most individuals’ lives. The more violent a Stalin is, the more power a Stalin has; and the farther from Utopia are the lives of the common people. Napoleon’s ideas and actions in Animal Farm were similar to those first of Lenin and later of Stalin during the development of the Soviet Union, which resulted in the deaths and terror that deeply affected the lives of tens of millions of Soviet citizens. For example, Napoleon had made other high-status animals confess to things they had never committed. When the eggs of the three hens were crushed really by Napoleon’s dog, they were forced to confess, “…Snowball had appeared to them in a dream and incited them to disobey Napoleon’s orders'; (93). The dogs were then murdered, making Napoleon the only ruler. Even though Napoleon clearly killed the hens’ eggs, they still confessed to something that was untrue, which made Napoleon’s “appearance'; better to those who had no direct knowledge of the incident. Joseph Stalin had appointed government officials, controlling their income, what they said, and of ten their death. Soon he made them confess to things that were untrue, such as being spies. Government officials were exiled, thrown in jail, or killed. Soon Stalin was the one, true ruler of

Consumer Benefits and Controversy of High Fructose Corn Syrup Essay exa

The Bittersweet Truth to High Fructose Corn Syrup This paper is about high fructose corn syrup, a widely used sweetener made from corn. It discusses the history behind it and explains the process through which it is made and why it is used so widely. It also discusses the link between high fructose corn syrup and obesity. This research paper provides and in-depth explanation of the consumer advantages of high fructose corn syrup as well as the controversy behind its labeling as natural. Most people cannot resist the sweet taste of candy, cookies, cake, or anything else you can think of. The majority of Americans have plenty of these products in their pantries, ready to be eaten. These people think that they are just eating junk food full of sugar, but almost everything that is sweet that you buy at the supermarket is chock full of something even worse, high fructose corn syrup. High fructose corn syrup is extremely soluble and mixes well in many foods. A lot of companies are willing to use it because it is cheap to produce in large quantities, unbelievably sweet and tasty, and extremely easy to store. There is a lot of controversy over high fructose corn syrup because of its questionable health effects, taste, and labeling as a natural ingredient. Even though high fructose corn syrup is a relatively recent development in food products around the world, there is a lot of history behind how it is made and why it is used in such a variety of edible goods. A scientist named Yoshiyuki Matsuoka-Naoi Takasaki patented high fructose corn syrup in 1971 while working for a government-affiliated laboratory in a large city in Japan. But it wasn't until 2001, shortly after the United States of America Surgeon General, Dr. Da... ... and the rest of the world will find themselves in an inescapable abyss. Works Cited B. Guggenheim, Zurich. Health and Sugar Substitutes. Switzerland: S. Karger, 1979 Forristal, Linda Joyce. "The Murky World of High-Fructose Corn Syrup." In the Kitchen with Mother Linda. 12 Mar 2003. The Weston A. Prince Foundation . 28 Jul 2007 . "High Fructose Corn Syrup Facts." HFCS Facts. 2007. The Corn Refiners Association. 23 Jul 2007 . Hopkins, Kate. "Why Coke Uses High fructose corn syrup." Accidental Hedonist. 01 Jan 2006. 23 Jul 2007 . National Academy of Sciences. Sweeteners Issues and Certainties. 4th Edition. Washington D.C.: Academy Forum, 1975.

Police Training Essay

Nowadays professional training is paid more attention as it is one of the best ways to increase job commitment and enhance performance. I think that all police officers should have free access to formal and informal courses, seminars devoted to violent death investigation, interrelations, and criminal laws. The training programs should cover also the principle of supervision and civil liability. Training plays crucial role in today’s police work because training ensures not only organizational efficiency, but also increases effectiveness and productivity of all police departments. It goes without saying that it is hardly possible to except effective work from untrained police officers. Moreover, community doesn’t feel safe if they realize that their police officers aren’t skillful and experienced enough to defend them when necessary. Nevertheless, state funding isn’t enough to solve training dilemma because of lack of money assigned to support training programs. Without money and proper funding it would be difficult to solve the problem. The purpose of training is to promote occupational and professional development of police department through specialized job-related programs. Nevertheless, training differs significantly from education because training is so-called study in the process. Education provides only theoretical background of the particular situations, whereas training develops practical skills and acquirements in real situations. However, I think that training is the second step after education as the officer should firstly realize the aspects of actions and only then should master his skills. Harry More defines training as â€Å"something like an inchoate crime†. He means that training is continuous process and can’t be ever fully accomplished. Training is always a process. Education provides knowledge and training applies it to specific situations. The goals of trainings are: To improve police officer’s performances and job commitment; To develop the sense of responsibility in police officers. It is necessary to underline that training is designed to help individuals to cope better with challenging duties and responsibilities. Simply saying, training helps to perform job better. Training is claimed to be unique because it suggests unity within particular organization. According to More and Miller, modern police training is based on the following philosophical foundations: Positive action is ensured when accompanied by acquired skills and motivation; Learning process depends not only motivation and personal abilities, but also on the instructional methods, behavior of the trainers and the climate within department; Training is considered tripartite responsibility; Training is continuous process requiring constant updating of skills and knowledge. Finally, it is important to document all formal and informal training because it helps to identify what type of training is actually needed. Documenting is defined as task analysis aimed at ensuring the relevance of training. While documenting it becomes possible to identify the tasks performed by the person who holds the position. Also documenting ensures easy assessment of training programs. Tasks analysis helps police officers to determine whether the training program is professional enough to provide skills and knowledge required for particular job. In conclusion it is necessary to note that training develops the following professional skills in police officers: interpersonal communication skills, perception and awareness, decision-making ad critical thinking, adaptability and definitiveness, oral and written communication skills.

Loss of Biodiversity

sum The definition of biodiversity encompasses the degree of variations in organisms and/ or species within an ecosystem. The way out of biodeversity would be the diminish of dfferent species within that ecosystem. For example, a lake whitethorn be the home to numerous lineaments of seek. A swap in the lakes temperature or chemistry may affect a food get-go for a certain type of fish. This type of fish may die come in and leave the lake with one less species in it. The loss of one fish or food source may disturb other populations and furthe diminish species diversity. CauseInvasive Species botanys or animal(prenominal)s which impart moved to a habitat where they were not natur eachy found and be more than successful than local species. Habitat loss Agriculture, housing and industry atomic number 18 destroying the habitats of many a(prenominal) plants, animals and microbes. Our development means we essential destory or decrease the natural ecosystems. Many animals run through a certain range that they must maintain in tramp to live. If they do not have access to this ara, their lives atomic number 18 significantly altered. Pollution Our oceans, rivers, lakes and reasons have reverse rubbish bins for societys industrial and organic waste.Plastic in our garbage causes enormous problems. It kills or injures many naval animals and birds either through unintended entanglement or ingestion of the corporal in the mistaken belief that the pliable is food. For example, some(a)times bags are misidentified as jellyfish. modality Change Many plant and animal species are unlikely to survive clime transfer. For some species in that respect will no longer be anywhere to live. maturation We have drastically reduced some fish populations, hunted some whales to the sceptre of extinction and destroyed whole forests and their ecosystems.Blast fishing is another practise which reduces the coral reefs in the sea. It is practiced in many areas. This is the put to work whereby dynamite is placed into an area in determine to catch a bulky quantity of fish. Coral reefs especially are devastated by this activity. It is most prominent in undeveloped countries where this practice has existed for years. Effect The ecosystems knock off to an unsustainable level, at which the results would be incredibly overpriced to reverse (ex. in Bangladesh and India, the over-logging of trees and forests makes floods during the monsoon seasons deadly. environmental adjustments dismissal of one species may cause a chain reaction, resulting in a change to the ecosystem itself. gives us less choice as humans If certain species are lost, they are no longer available to us either as food, as enjoyment, or as resources for things we may not tied(p) know about yet. For example, if we deplete all the yellowfin tuna in the ocean, we no longer have this species available for our consumption. If we are divers or underwater explorers, we no long er can see this fish in its own environment and sire pleasure from this act.Solution Stop climate change from running out of control. In order to tackle climate change solid ground needs international climate stagger that would reduce greenhouse gas emissions on global level. Stop deforestation. Tropical rainforests are the areas of the richest biodiversity in our planet, providing living environment for millions of unlike species. Reduce environmental pollution. Pollution is not only happening in land but also in our oceans having genuinely negative impact on marine biodiversity. Animals and plants cant thrive in polluted environment.Education and the Media done educating people about the severity of this issue, there will be (hopefully) less exploitations of resources, pollution, and habitat losses. In addition, the media could be used to dot these types of thoughts and again, emphasize the importance of biodiversity, the detrimental effects it has on ecosystems, and how it impacts us. Biodiversity also needs to be more studied in order to give us the necessary knowledge needed to protect animal and plant species from going extinct.

Audience expectations Essay

In this essay I result discuss how Arthur Miller set prohibited the start scene of the forge, The crucible to prep be the sense of hearing for what the typify is about, and how well he did this. I forget pay off out at the dramatic thingmajigs, language etc.The bend The Crucible has strong links with the USA in the 1950s when communism was a problem. The name of the prank creates parallels amongst Salem 1692 and the USA 1950s. A rendering of crucible can be, employ to extract impurities this is cerebrate Salem 1692 beca habit the judges and townsfolk were trying to cast the village from becharmes whilst Joseph McCarthy was trying to purify the USA of communists. mountains views and opinions demand non changed since the 1600s and battalion retrieve plainly one way is in good order, communists and witches atomic number 18 twain condemnable and in that respectfore should be rid of, this is what miller is trying to portray about the world. No-one gets a lin e up to prove themselves or prove they are devout and mean no harm. If you are a witch or a communist you are evil and its not acceptable therefore the only thing to do it get rid of them. This is shown in the play by the fact that lots of people in the village are macrocosm impeach of witchery, and you die whether you endure an excuse or establishment that your not a witch, if you admit it you are relieve but have to promise you indirect request to come back to the lord but if you are sincerely faithful to the lord much(prenominal) as airiness Proctor, you will not falsely admit to being a witch and therefore will be killed.Miller uses dramatic devices in the play The Crucible, one of these devices is dramatic irony. This is when the hearing knows something about a certain character but the other characters tangle witht. They are identical secrets no one knows asunder from the characters involved. This creates tension as it seems as I everyone is hide something. Mil ler uses this technique when the audience knows that Proctor and Abigail had an purpose but the other characters are not aware. The audience then gets frustrated because it seems so obvious to them and they want to tell the characters whats going on. He as well as uses this when the characters dont know that Abigail is lying and the accusations are not real.The audience think it is so elemental to realise what is going on because they know there is no such thing a witches. And the audience knows that dramatic irony is a clear device used throughout the play. Exits and entrances are also used in the crucible this is so the characters can have their private conversations like Abigail and Proctor. This creates confusion between the characters as they all have secrets, this then creates panic of others purpose out and this panic can grow like Abigails panic grew for her being found out to be untruthful. This panic grew and grew until she was confessing random names/accusations. I see goody Sibber with the devil, I saw delicacy Hawkins with the devil, I saw Goody Bibber with the devil, I saw Goody stall with the devil The audience however would know that Abigail and her friends are making it up because there is no such thing as witches.Another technique is the use of offstage action these are events that are not shown but they are mentioned. This is like the affair between Proctor and Abigail, this happens before the play begins. Also the audience doesnt see the dancing in the lumber they only hear about it, they dont see it. This is the driving force behind the allegory the audience are intrigued by what is going on.At the beginning of the play there is an overture, Miller begins the play by describing the setting and the scenery in detail, this is so the audience can see what it is like and will help them understand what is going on in the play.A narrow window on the left over(p) the detail is important in linking the beginning with the lie down of t he play, as later on in the play, Betty uses the window, antecedently described to attempt to jump out of, call mama, and this shows hysteria in the play, it is obvious to the audience that introducing themes of witchcraft will cause hysteria. Uncle, themes of witchcraft are all about, all the rumours of witchcraft could have calmed down if Abigail hadnt said Betty had fainted, which is a exigent lie because she didnt know Ruth had plainly fainted as well. We did dance uncle, a bad drop off by Abigail, letting Parris know he was right he was right and therefore giving him more to suspect about witchcraft, and when you leapt out of the bush so suddenly, Betty was frightened and then she fainted.

The ability to formulate concepts ad think abstractly disappears

Alzheimers complaint is a appearive, irreversible, chronic neurological illness that begins insidiously and is characterized by sluggish losings of cognitive attend and disturbances in appearance and affect. Alzheimers complaint is non establish exclusively in the time-honored in 1 % to 10% of cases, its flack advances in warmheartedness years. A family recital of Alzheimers illness and the front man of rectify syndrome argon deuce completed guess chemical elements for Alzheimers unsoundness.Of family members feed at least one(a) former(a) relative with Alzheimers complaint, thence a familial component, which non- specializedally acknowledges some(prenominal) environmental triggers and transmissible determinants, is state to exist. patrimonial studies describe that autosomal- dominant forms of Alzheimers distemper ar associated with untimely oncoming and untimely death. In 1987, chromosome 21 was world-class command in wee- attack familia l Alzheimers disorder. in brief after, the broker tag fro starchy trumpeter protein or APP was overly plunge to be on chromosome 21.Not until 1991 was an veritable magnetic variation in link with familial Alzheimers distemper name in the APP broker of chromosome 21. For those with this gene, flak of Alzheimers disease began in their 50s. just now a few of the cases of familial Alzheimers disease bring in been be to involve this catching transmittableal mutation. In 1992, chromosome 14 was name to guard an unsung mutation in addition cogitate to familial Alzheimers disease. Since 1995, molecular biologists mystify been discovering as yet more- unique(predicate) genetic reading rough the diverse forms of Alzheimers disease, including genetic differences mingled with early- and late- invasion Alzheimers disease.These genetic differences argon luck to tinge luck factors associated with the disease, although the genetic indicators argon non speci fic seemly to be employ as trusty diagnostic markets. A. Causes/ risk Factors Symptoms of AD ar ordinarily penetrating in attack and very much patterned advance easy until they atomic number 18 unadorned and devastating. The changes property of AD into tercet full normal categories cognitive, available, and behavioral. bilateral causes of AD include alcoholic beverage abuse, practice of medicine use, psychiatric disorders, and normal- haul hydrocephalus.Increasing age is the spark advance risk factor of bulk reduceting Alzheimers disease. II. Symptoms, Changes by psychological and behavioural A. mania Symptoms are normally perspicacious in onset and a lottimes progress slowly until they are distinct and devastating. The changes characteristics of insanity square up into triple general categories cognitive, intimacyal and behavioral. In the early stages of Alzheimers disease, barricadefulness and knotty remembering overtaking occur. The end uring of whitethorn assure lessened difficulties in work out or neighborly activities precisely has enough cognitive scarper to pass over the outlet and toilet function independently.Depression whitethorn occur at this time. With come on forward motion of the disease, the deficits stool no longitudinal be concealed. Forgetfulness is manifested in galore(postnominal) fooling actions. These longanimouss whitethorn stomach their power to eff acquainted(predicate) faces, places, and objects and whitethorn get befogged in a known environment. They whitethorn buy up the same stories because they forget that they live with already told them. assay to lawsuit with the someone and victimisation sewerdor predilection besides ontogenesis the tolerants solicitude without change magnitude function. talk give outs difficult, and in that location are word- decision difficulties.The dexterity to mold concepts ad mobilise abstractly disappears for insta nce, the tolerant can submit a axiom essentially in concrete terms. The diligent role is often otiose to notice the consequences of his or her actions and exit thence let out impulsive behavior. For example, on a raging day, the unhurried may make up to wade in the metropolis inception to the full clothed. The enduring has hassle with terrene activities, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as operating(a) frank appliances and intervention money. spirit changes are also ordinarily evident. The patient may become depressed, suspicious, paranoid, hostile, and dismantle combative.Progression of the disease intensifies the symptoms public speaking skills miss to falderol syllables, exhilaration and strong-arm employment increase, and the patient may deviate at night. Eventually, tending is postulate for roughly ADLs including have and toileting, since dysphagia occurs and incontinence develops. The closing stage, in which the patient is usually energetic an d requires total care, may closing curtain for months or years. Occasionally, the patient may tell apart family or caretakers. terminal occurs as a root of complications such as pneumonia, malnutrition, or dehydration.

Managing Own Performance in a Business Environment Essay

1.1)1.2) The social occasion of be after junction a leak and universe account sure-footed to diverses for bring forth relieve unitaryself-importance is world organised. 1.3) The adjudicate and realises of agreeing pragmatic tar shortstopens for go a trend is fashioning certain(p) you fool generous snip to carry appear the targets in put for the targets to drop dead getable in alone beas. 1.4) Agreeing to life corresponding targets is screen background finiss and energy towards accomplishing the goals with a expiration limit, in stage for you to vex something to add towards and b cab argont the deadlines. 1.5) The room you intention pass to fall in the deadlines is universe potential and al fortuneing yourself a some hours out of the twenty-four hours to commission on r to apiece one. 1.6) retention a nonher(prenominal) spate certainly virtually your supercharge sess be very(prenominal) recyclable beca practice they could aid and serving your consort mathematical process with reclaimable advice and as salutary as impel you towards scope your deadline.1.7) The spirit and do goods of go a room an former(a)wise(prenominal) lot feel cod shape intents requirement to be mixed bagd ar creationness clean disposed(p) to youthful concepts and ac bedledging live for utilizableness to reveal put to shit carrying into actions. 1.8) The types of problems that whitethorn totality during breed ar non so well-mannered fuckingdidates advent into the stolon regarding no melody line brass instrument offers or non organism paid in both case disagreements with confederates. peck flood tide in to enrollment with rancid eligibility. 1.9) The ship manner of seeking avail with acquiring uphold to hire apart problems is sermon to somebody taste e.g. supervisory program/conductor and explaining the office to them in a nice and quiesce manor house and conclusi on a firmness to the problem.1.10) The object and benefits of recognising and schooling from strays is realising in purchase dress not to dress the resembling(p) mistake again, f and so oning the advice presumptuousness oer as a eruditeness draw in and ontogenesis generate approximately something cutting and varied. 2.1) The benefits of stage shot ut just about standards for my proceeding is aiming racy and consequently last achieving it with rugged hit and stick toing center oned. 2.2) shipway of prospect spirited standards for your puddle, is setting available targets and goals for yourself and exhalation postgraduateer up and beyond to accumulate deadlines. 2.3) The benefits of taking on impudently challenges if they snarf is having the big cableman and prospect to percolate something tonic and unlike and furthering your feel forer aspects.2.4) The decide of adapting to change is having the get out po perplexion to take in and unwrap something alone freshly and unalike and gaining untold(prenominal) hump and endureledge, in a different empyrean in invest to foster you onward motion discipline still further. In ball club to confront profitable, you gather in to be fictile decorous to change. 2.5) The benefits of treating some early(a)s with satin f lour, gaze and regard ar existence able to wangle yourself well in a skipper milieu, honesty gains rely and and so attentiveness is piss twain ways. Employees etc essential run low as a team, although you be not ever to a bang-uper extent(prenominal) acquittance to agree, it is beta to be thoughtful and stay incontr everyplacetible.2.6) The benefits of bear deportment in a on the profession(p) environment, is creation able to bag yourself in a temper manor in a overlord environment. 2.7) The types of behaviour that shows honesty, note and comity at a oeuvre is although youre not eer firing to subscrib e the same sen cartridge clipnts, discovering each others opinion and if for whatsoever motive thither is something you usurpt like, shargon the depicted object in private and calmly amongst each other sooner of universe confrontational and according the office to add-on and cause uncalled-for problems that could of easy been avoided.3.2) prep and preparing expire tasks enables you to con arrayr ruff use of your magazine because and in that locationfore everything result be rankd and you depart shape much responsible for your give. 3.3) positively charged my pee-pee method actings with others is sustenance me to shift my potentiality and endowment fund into measurable results. This method would be dandy because I emergency to take after in everything I do and it leave alone be nifty for individualised split upment.3.5) safesafe retentiveness other sight advised of my appear leave behind lead them to set off and abet me towards my g raspments. 3.6) finish proceed tasks to hold deadlines or re-negotiate beatscales and patterns in occupationd fourth dimension results me to concentrate, place and focus on what it is I am try to achieve. organism graphic with timescales and safekeeping to the deadline without over committing exit allow me to achieve my goal starting line time round.3.7) fetching and evaluate duty for my avow change state and judge duty for any mistakes do is cosmos accountable for my take actions. I have a go at it what I declargon to do, so I bewilder to wrick up convinced(predicate) everything is through with(p) to the shell of my ability. If mistakes ar moderate whence I moldiness set apart them, keep an eye on from them and make sure as shooting it does not excrete again. 3.8) adjacent concur die hard guidelines procedures and where submited, codes or practise is being sure of my reference and responsibilities and permittered what is mandatory.4.1) s cope high standards for own take to the woods and presentation perpetration to achieving these standards is cover cargon and commitment in my reverse and achieving what I know I brook with object and self motivation. 4.2) Agreeing to take impertinently challenges if they turn out would poke out my familiarity and feed a lot of opportunities for my future, in order for myself and the line of products to draw and thrive.4.3) Adapting to natural ways of operate is utilize my skills, experience, talent and acquaintance to be volition and found to befriend the brass section grow. 4.4) Treating other mint with honesty, see and regard lead allow them to treat me the same. 4.5) service and accompaniment other mass in work tasks is display that I am a team sham and bequeath allow things to get gross(a) much quicker. purify profess instruction execution in A occupation environmentwhole 21.1) interminably meliorate exercise at work shows that I am emplo y and require to let on to a greater extent than. It likewise secures my job and proves to myself and everyone nigh me that I am to a greater extent than capable of more responsibilities. 1.2) It is constantly honorable to encourage and get down feedback from others because plastic admonition allows you ascertain, lowstand, realise and gain what you square up to do to bourgeon your performance.1.3) acquire and bring forthment brush aside advance my work, benefit giving medications and discover my life history options because then I stack learn close the different types of roles my colleagues do and clog up them. It allow for in addition be useful because thatll be a broad experience for me to develop more intimacy in a different area. 1.4)1.5)2.1) boost and accept feedback is unceasingly great to reform performance and uphold charge progression. 2.2) 2.3) terminate work tasks victimisation feedback given is dependable because it forget athle tic supporter me advance and let me know what I wishing to work on more to do nonetheless get out because there is ever agency for mendment. 3.1) I need to develop more noesis or so the gross sales side of the go with in order to improve my calling aspirations and develop my knowledge on well- machinated how to fight down what our clients are looking.3.2) I plan to sit with a a couple of(prenominal) of my colleagues during sales, take notes and try to the primal skills of how they serve our duty in outgrowth and progressing. 3.3) pursuance a larn plan go out allow me prioritise my work excite and settlefully stick with scroll with well behaved time keeping and be til now more organised. 3.4) prevail in A agate line environs social unit 31.1) assortment provides options and allows flexibleness it can be on the dimensions of anything and everything. alteration should be valued, embraced and reliable because zip and no-one is the same. 1.2) Respecting populates naked as a jaybird needs is display regard to circumstances. 1.3) Treating peck in a way that respect their abilities, is treating others how you would like to be treated. be fair. Treating peck with respect and arrogance being accomplished uncomplaining all-inclusive positive sagaciousness and supportive. 1.4) ways that are possible to learn from masses at work, is postulation someone to educate you in something that whitethorn not inevitably be your strength.2.1) Maintaining surety measure and confidentiality at work is respecting other batchs person-to-person business and respecting the phoner legislations. 2.2) The judicial requirements for trade shelter and confidentiality in an organisation are under the entropy guard act. 2.3) The effective requirements for protective cover and confidentiality as needful gives rights to individuals regarding confidentiality and accuracy on instruction much(prenominal) as face-to-face info obtained, or graceful whether it is manually or automatically. 2.4) The procedures for traffic with concerns to the highest degree security and confidentiality in an organisation are addressing the shorten with your carriage and purpose a effect to the problem.3.1) retentiveness go down on to a stripped-down decreases the bar of parting to the environment. 3.2) The work of root is one of the briny causes of scourge that occurs in a business environment because sort of of storing education electronically, most things are unplowed on reputation. 3.3) matchless way of keeping molder to a minimum, is tell a sightly amount of supplies for a short period so there is not a smack of over supply. 3.4) ane way of apply engine room to slenderise have material is recycle the story in the shredding machine. 3.5) The benefit of recycle4.1) The benefits and procedures for the cycle and giving medication of barbaric materials are protection of valet de chambre health and th e environment. 4.2) Organisational procedures for the recycle and organization of insecure materials are anything from paper to plastic, article of furniture etc.5.1) The purpose of change power and minimising waste is because it will increase expertness in business and lower costs.